Lewis wrote Out of the Silent Planet during 1937 after a conversation with J. R. R. Tolkien in which both men lamented the state of contemporary fiction. They agreed that Lewis would write a space travel story and Tolkien would write a time travel story. In fact, Tolkien never completed his story, while Lewis went on to compose two others over the war years in Britain.[8] These three books are now referred to as the Cosmic or Space Trilogy, or occasionally as The Ransom trilogy after the main character, Elwin Ransom.[9]
Cs Lewis Space Trilogy Epub Format
In sum: Lewis works with the medieval model regarding angelical creatures. His cosmic trilogy reflects such pattern: the eldila and the Oyaresu20 are intermediate angelical beings between the Most High God and the other intelligent creatures and humans they contacted in outer space (LEWIS, 2005a; LEWIS, 2005b) or here on Earth (LEWIS, 2019c).
Cerebral edema is a common pathophysiological formation following surgery. Cerebral edema comprises excess accumulation of water in the intra- and/or extracellular spaces of the brain [24]. Cerebral edema results from a combination of endothelial cell damage, tight junction disruption, and abnormal transcellular transport [25]. Damage to cells and blood vessels triggers a multitude of cellular cascades, which amplifies injury. Calcium and sodium channels become activated, which causes a fluid imbalance and triggers cytotoxic processes. An inflammatory response is mounted, and microglial cells release free radicals and proteases which further the attack on cell membranes and capillaries [26]. The free radicals are toxic to cells, and macrophages, as well as activated microglial cells, form nitric oxide (NO), which is an additional source of free radicals. When the CNS is injured, mediators such as glutamate and extracellular potassium are released which causes swelling leading to damage of nerve cells [24].
Though hematoma formation can be mitigated through proper surgical management, its formation can contribute the propagation of neurological deficits [45]. Microbleeds that occur in the periphery may not be as detrimental as a bleed that is in the brain because of the limited space for expansion. Hematoma formation can increase pressure and force herniation to occur. On a cellular level, the presence of a hematoma is known to activate microglia and the complement cascade. As aforementioned, these two systems lead to an increase in inflammation and damage to healthy unaffected tissue. Limiting the amount of intraoperative bleeding may also reduce the size of a hematoma leading to more positive patient outcomes.
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